Propagate by seed, division or separation - Sow seeds in containers in cold frame in spring.

Divide in spring or late summer to early fall when plants are dormant.

Keep soil moist but not soggy. Deadhead spent blooms to encourage fall flowering. The plants die back after spring flowering, then come back to bloom in the fall if properly cared for.

More growing information: How to Grow Perennials

Aphids
Sawflies

Caucasian Leopard's Bane (D. orientale or D. caucasicum) is the most common species in gardens and hardy in Zones 5 to 8. Varieties include:

�Finesse� grows 2 feet tall, is late blooming, bears 3-inch-wide, yellow-orange, semi-double flowers, and comes true from seed.

'Gerhard' bears lemon-yellow flowers with greenish yellow centers.

�Magnificum� bears 3-inch-wide, yellow flowers on 2- to 2.5-foot tall plants.

'Miss Mason' (a hybrid beteween D. orientale and D. austriacum) grows 1 to 2 feet tall, bears canary yellow flowers and is less likely to go dormant in summer.

�Spring Beauty� ('Frulingspracht') bears double yellow flowers on 1.5-foot-tall plants.

Great Leopard's Bane (D. pardalianches or D. cordatum) grows to 3 to 4 feet tall and his hardy in Zones 5 to 8. 'Goldstrauss' is a variety.

Plantain Leopard's Bane (D. plantagineum) grows up to 3.5 feet tall and his hardy in Zones 4 to 8. Varieties include 'Excelsum', 'Harpur Crewe' and 'Strahlengold', which persists and flowers into summer and resists mildew and root rot.